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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a lover of coffee beans uk, you likely already know that different kinds of beans can produce different flavors. Learn more about four of the most well-known varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans, which are a variety of Liberica which is grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier, tarter flavor profile and are often utilized in blends of beans to give them added depth.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans are responsible for 75% of the world's production. Arabica beans have a milder and sweeter flavor than Robusta and come with a variety of flavor profiles. The taste and aroma components of a coffee can vary widely depending on the growing conditions and methods of processing used to make it.

The word "coffee" originates from the Arabic word meaning the berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds that develop in bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds discovered that their goats became more energetic after eating the berries, and that the cultivation of coffee quickly began to spread throughout the world.

Coffee beans can be grown at higher altitudes, and are capable of flourishing in cold temperatures and lots of rain. This is the reason Arabica coffee is considered to be the best tasting kind of coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters focus on ethically sourced arabica beans, focusing on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies typically blend arabica beans to create distinctive coffees that are well-suited for various brewing methods. Blending allows control over the taste, aroma and body of the coffee. It is typically preferred to achieve an even and consistent taste that appeals a wide market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most commonly used variety of coffee bean cultivated worldwide. They have a higher caffeine content per bean to cup coffee beans than Arabica, and are more resistant to diseases and pests. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids which are antioxidants found naturally. These acids can cause oxidation in the coffee brewing and produce undesirable flavors.

The plant itself is more resilient than arabica, able grow in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can tolerate higher temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It is faster growing and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, making it a more cost-effective plant to cultivate.

While it may sound counterintuitive it's true that arabica and Robusta beans are often blended to create coffee Beans Types blends. If you see names like Uganda or Kenya on the bag of coffee it's possible there is also some robusta.

The majority of roasters utilize a mix of arabica and coffee beans in order to cut costs while maintaining quality. To preserve the flavor integrity you must select the best quality beans from a reliable source. The best method to achieve this is to buy your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape that is like a football, which is what makes them distinct from other types of coffee beans. They have a distinctive scent that is fruity and floral with subtle smoky undertones. They are often blended with other coffee beans to give a more intense, fuller flavor.

Liberica barista coffee beans beans are found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo) and Southeast Asia. They are well-adapted to humid, hot climates and can grow at low altitudes. They are also more resistant to disease than Arabica or Robusta.

These qualities make them perfect to grow at home. You can find the seeds online from a number of sources, however it's best to purchase them from local producers to guarantee the quality of the beans. The best conditions for growing Liberica coffee are fertile deep volcano soils, with moderately acidic, and enough annual rainfall.

Another kind of coffee bean is Excelsa which was originally considered a separate species but has been re-classified as an alternative to Liberica. These coffee beans are elongated ovals that are grown on large 20-30 foot coffee plants that are located at medium altitudes. Their unique taste is both sweet and tart, making them a popular option for house blends. They are also less heavy on aroma and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta, but still have a distinct taste.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most popular type of coffee beans, Excelsa beans aren't as easily accessible as Arabica or Robusta. In fact, they were considered a distinct coffee plant species until 2006 when they were reclassified to a synonym for Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. They are grown in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% the world's production of coffee. These coffee beans are distinctive with a teardrop shape and have an intriguing dark flavor. They are frequently used to give blends extra body and a sweet tart flavor of ripened fruits.

Arabica beans are the most sought-after, and are known for having an apricot-like flavor. They thrive best at high altitudes and enjoy warm, tropical climates. They also have a hint of acidity. If properly roasted and brewed, they can have notes of nuts, chocolate, or even fruit.

Robusta is a close second to Arabica and makes up around 40% of the world's coffee. Robusta beans are smaller and rounder, but have twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties and are more likely to have earthy and woody overtones.

Once you've mastered the four most popular types of coffee beans you can now choose your ideal coffee. If you're looking for a silky soft, delicate flavor, go for an arabica bean or a blend of robusta and arabica beans.